Guide means for bolt-action firearms



7, 1968 s. a. o. LARSSON 3, 53

GUIDE MEANS FOR BOLT-ACTION FIREARMS Filed Nov. 14, 1966 United States Patent 3,416,253 GUIDE MEANS FOR BOLT-ACTION FIREARMS Sven Gunnar Olof Larsson, Huskvarna, Sweden, assignor to Husqvarna Vapent'abriks Aktiebolag, Huskvarna, Sweden Filed Nov. 14, 1966, Ser. No. 594,209 Claims priority, application Sweden, Nov. 15, 1965, 14,693/ 65 4 Claims. (Cl. 42-16) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A bolt-action firearm, particularly a repeating rifle, comprising a breech bolt having two locking lugs, preferably dovetailed, and housed in a receiver provided with longitudinal grooves for the lugs, an obliquely upwardly directed loading opening intersecting one of the grooves; guide means provided for guiding the breech bolt past the intersecting loading opening and comprising a tongue and a longitudinal slot provided on each of the lug and the groove being intersected.

This invention relates to bolt-action firearms, particularly repeating rifles, of the type comprising a breech bolt rotatable and axially displaceable in a receiver having two diametrically and horizontally opposite guide grooves for two lateral locking lugs on the head of the breech bolt as well as an obliquely upwardly directed loading opening interrupting one of said grooves.

In such firearms the breech bolt partly looses its guidance when it is partly uncovered by the loading opening in the course of retraction of the breech bolt. This may i.a. result in jamming of the breech bolt, particularly in case its handle, as is natural, is biased in the same turning direction as when starting to open the breech bolt.

It is an object of the invention to provide simple means for eliminating these drawbacks. With this and other objects in view, as will hereinafter appear, the invention comprises the novel combinations and arrangements of parts hereinafter set forth and illustrated in the accompanying drawing, which shows by way of example an application of the invention in a repeating rifle. In the drawing:

FIG. 1 is a side view of the forepart of the bolt-action,

FIG. 2 shows a cross-section on line 2-2 in FIG. 1, and

FIG. 3 is a section on line 3-3 in FIG. 1.

The bolt-action shown comprises a receiver 4 including the upper part 5 of a cartridge magazine which can be filled from above, through an obliquely upwardly directed loading opening 6, and two diametrically and horizontally opposite grooves 7, 8 for two locking lugs 9, 10 on the head of a substantially cyindrical breech bolt 11 with handle 12. The breech bolt is shown in a partly retracted position wherein its head is partly uncovered by the loading opening 6, and it has forwardly a lateral recess 13 for an ejector not shown, mounted in the receiver rearwardly of the opening 6, for ejecting the cartridge shells obiquely upwardly and to the left in FIG. 1. In the closed, forward position of the breech bolt or, in other words, the turneddown position of its handle, the lugs 9, 10 are in wellknown locking engagement in front of locking surfaces in the receiver, lug 10 being then situated above lug 9.

In retracted positions of the breech bolt the locking lugs 9, 10 and the grooves 7, 8 are dovetailed, the longitudinal 3,416,253 Patented Dec. 17, 1968 sides 14, 15 of lug 9 being preferably disposed in the same axial planes as the opposite sides of lug 10. Furthermore, a guide tongue 16 is arranged radially at the underside 15 of lug 9 which tongue in the breech bolt position shown engages a longitudinal slot or groove 18 provided in the receiver below the lower edge 17 of opening 6, said groove having the same length as the grooves 7, 8. The lugs and the tongue do not reach the bottom of the grooves 7, 8, 18. The described execution of the locking lugs and their guide grooves provides for a good transversal guidance of the breech bolt head also when this is situated in the loading opening 6 and also in case the lugs are given a considerable play in the grooves. The dovetailing primarily acts' horizontally, the guide tongue 16 vertically. Such a guide tongue can be provided to advantage also in known boltactions without dovetailing of the forward locking lugs.

In a mechanism according to the invention the cartridge shell extractor is prefera'by built-in in the locking lug 9. In the embodiment shown it comprises a part 21 having an oblique gripping edge 20, guided radially in a lateral recess 22 in the breech bolt head and rigidly secured to the forward, transversely movable end of a round rodspring 23 positioned in a longitudinal, forwardly widening bore 24 in the breech bolt and fixedly mounted at its opposite end, the extractor 21 being thus movable radially outwardly against the action of rod-spring 23. It may have a semicircular flange 25 in a corresponding transverse slot in the bottom of recess 22 and a chamfered surface 26 for the cartridge shell bottom 27.

What is claimed is:

1. A bolt-action firearm comprising a receiver having diametrically and horizontally opposite longitudinal first and second guide grooves therein and an obliquely upwardly directed loading opening interrupting said first groove, a breech bolt rotatable and axially displaceable in said receiver and including a head having first and second oppositely directed locking lugs slidably engaging said first and second grooves respectively during an axial displacement of said breech bolt, an operating handle fastened to said breech bolt and positioned at the same side of the receiver as said first groove, and guide means comprising a longitudinal slot in said first groove, and a tongue on said first lug, said tongue engaging said slot in all retracted positions of said breech bolt, to prevent said first lug from being lifted in the passage of said interruption in said first groove, when said handle is operated in a combined rotating and axial motion in order to advance or retract the breech bolt.

2. A firearm as claimed in claim 1 in which said lugs and grooves are dovetailed.

3. A firearm as claimed in claim 2 in which the longitudinal sides of one of said lugs are situated in the same axial planes intersecting the axis of said breech bolt as the longitudinal sides of the other locking lug.

4. A firearm as claimed in claim 1 in which said longitudinal guide slot is of the same length as said first groove.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,161,172 11/1915 Von Frommer 42-16 2,139,648 12/1938 Chambers 4216 2,350,477 6/1944 Rowley 4225 2,761,234 9/1956 Bradley 42-16 3,274,724 9/ 1966 Brandt 42-16 BENJAMIN A. BORCHELT, Primary Examiner. 

